Common Terms

Click a letter below to learn about common terms used in the title industry. If you don't see what you need, don't hesitate to contact us.

  • Abstract

    A brief history of the transfer of a piece of land or property, including all claims that could be made against it.
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  • Chain of Title

    A Closing Disclosure, or CD, is a five-page form that provides final details about the mortgage loan you have selected. It includes the loan terms, your projected monthly payments, and how much you will pay in fees and other costs (closing costs) to get your mortgage. In addition, the CD will reflect the purchase price of the property, any prior deposits made and all closing costs associated with the transaction.
Lenders are responsible for preparing and delivering the buyer’s CD at least three business days before the closing. This three-day window allows you time to compare your final terms and costs to those estimated in the Loan Estimate that you previously received from the lender.

    Closing Day

    The final step in a real estate transaction. It's the big day when the buyer meets with a signing agent to review and sign the Closing Disclosure (CD) and other paperwork, money is distributed, and ownership is officially transferred from the seller to the buyer.

    Closing Disclosure (CD)

    A Closing Disclosure, or CD, is a form that provides final details about the mortgage loan buyers have selected. It includes the loan terms, projected monthly payments, and how much one will pay in fees and other costs to get a mortgage (closing costs). It also shows the purchase price for the home and reflects and prior deposits made, allocations between the parties for property taxes, condominium or homeowners association fees, credits from one party to another, and the costs for title services, title insurance and government recording and transfer charges. It is the summary document for all the money connected to the purchase of the home between the buyer and seller. Buyers and sellers have separate Closing Disclosures.

    Lenders are responsible for preparing and delivering the buyer's CD, and they must work hand in hand with the title company to prepare the final CD. Title companies generally prepare and deliver the seller's CD. Download sample CD's here: Buyer CD, Seller CD

    Closing Specialist

    Your go-to person at Producers Title. This individual oversees your entire closing process, and works with a team of professionals at every step to ensure your transaction goes smoothly.

    Clear Title

    When the title for a property has no title defects. Title must be cleared before title insurance can be issued.

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  • Deed

    A document that records a transfer in ownership from one person to another, which is filed with county records.

    Defect

    Any claims that could cause a title for a property to be invalid, including: competing claims of ownership, unknown heirs, improperly recorded information in public records, and forged signatures on title transfers.

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  • Easement

    The right to use the property owned by someone else for a specific purpose. Typical examples are resolutions about a property boundary line or items authorized to cross a property boundary (e.g., utility pole, water line, sewer line, fence, or driveway).

    Encumbrance

    Any charge or claim against a property such as a title defect, lien, easement, or encroachment.

    Encroachment

    When part(s) of a neighboring property cross a boundary line (e.g., utility pole, water line, sewer line, fence, or driveway).

    Escrow

    Also called funds management. A neutral third party or attorney that handles the exchange of money and documents once an offer reaches mutual acceptance.
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  • Homeowners Association (HOA)

    The administrative body for a condo, co-op, or cul de sac development that is responsible for upholding a community's rules and covenants, managing community financials, and providing building maintenance for shared spaces.

    HOA Dues

    Dues collected by a homeowner’s association (HOA) to fund the maintenance and repair of common spaces in a shared community.

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  • Legal Owner

    Ownership of a property as recognized by local or federal law.

    Lien

    A lien is a notice filed against a property, indicating that payment is owed to a second party such as a creditor, lender, or construction contractor. Liens are filed in the county records and can be one of several types: judgement liens, property tax liens, IRS liens, child support liens, or mechanic's liens.

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  • Property Management Company

    A homeowner’s association (HOA) might employ this type of company to assist with the administrative duties for a condo, co-op, or cul de sac development, such as preparing financial reports and carrying out regular building maintenance and repairs.

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  • Quote

    An estimate of the cost of title insurance and settlement fees based on the type of policy you would like, loan amount, and sale price.

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  • Recording

    When the signed closing documents are put on record with county records to document a transfer in ownership for a property.

    Reissue Rate

    A lower fee for title insurance in states where this rate is offered by the title insurance underwriters (not available in all markets). When available, the amount of any discount depends on the age and face value of the current seller's owner's policy. The title company must be provided with a copy of the prior policy by the seller in order for the reissue rate to be an option.

    RESPA

    Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA) is legislation passed by the Federal government to uniformly regulate the manner in which real estate transactions take place.

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  • Settlement Appointment

    Also called closing. The meeting at which the final paperwork is signed to transfer ownership of a property. Final paperwork can include the Closing Disclosure (CD), deed, mortgage agreement, etc.

    Signing Agent

    A highly trained, licensed professional who can conduct real estate closings, explain closing documents, and notarize signatures.
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  • Title

    Title is the right to, or ownership of, a specific real estate property. A transfer in ownership is recorded in a deed and filed with county records.

    Title Commitment

    A report summarizing the findings of a title search. It includes the ownership history for a property and any title issues that are discovered.

    Title Insurance

    Title insurance protects a homeowner or lender against financial loss from real estate title defects or liens against a property.

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